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Most AI breakthroughs are thought of as isolated advances, but Karpathy argues they signal a broader shift: code is being replaced by neural networks trained on data.

“This reframe changed how I think about software. Writing code is increasingly the wrong level of abstraction — you train the behavior instead.”

Paul Graham's advice that early-stage founders should do things by hand that they'll later automate — and why 'unscalable' is often the right choice in the beginning.

“Counterintuitive but true. The most successful startups I've seen all had a phase where the founders were doing the work manually. This essay explains why.”

Paul Graham's early essay on how Lisp gave Viaweb a competitive edge — and on the Blub Paradox: why programmers using weaker languages can't see what they're missing.

“The Blub Paradox is one of the most useful concepts for understanding technology adoption and hype cycles. More true now than when it was written.”

Dan Abramov on four principles that make React components more resilient to change: don't stop data flow, be ready to render any time, no singleton components, and isolate local state.

“Still the best practical guide to writing components that don't break when you look at them sideways. Applies well beyond React.”